afraid to do 是主观上愿意做的事情。

afraid of doing 是主观上不愿意做的事情。

afraid to do中的afraid是形容词，实际上是be afraid to do(动词不定式)，这个结构的意思是：害怕做某事，担心做某事。要做的某事是主观上愿意做的。如：It was very late at night. Mary was hungry.She wanted to buy something to eat,but she was afraid to go out at night.

不定式短语to go out在主观上是愿意“出去”。

be afraid of doing sth.意思也是：害怕做某事，担心做某事。要做的事情是主观上不愿意做的。

Mary was afraid of falling into thr water.

Mary 主观上不愿意掉进水里。

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